Microbiology Questions and Answers pdf | Bacteria

Multiple choice Questions of Botany Topic Microbiology | Bacteria MCQs with Answers ( Microbiology Or Bacteria Quiz ) for NEET, GATE, AIAPGET, NEET MDS, NEET PG, DNB PDCET, AIIMS SS, PGIMER (Other), AIIMS PG and many more competitive examinations.

Microbiology Questions and Answers pdf

1. Extra nuclear DNA in E. coli is termed as

(a) F+ factor

(b) sex factor

(c) episome

(d) All of these

Ans. d

2. Smallest cell/organism is that of

(a) vibrio

(b) bacillus

(c) mycoplasma

(d) Rhizobium

Ans. c

3. Bacteria which retain purple colour after staining with Gram stain is

(a) Gram +ve

(b) Gram -ve

(c) trichous

(d) spirillum

Ans. a

4. Which of the following is a rod-shaped bacterium?

(a) Bacillus subtilis

(b) Pneumococcus pneumoniae

(c) Vibrio cholerae

(d) Streptococcus nigricans

Ans. a

5. Bacteria having a tuft of flagella at both ends are called

(a) peritrichous

(b) bitrichous

(c) amphitrichous

(d) atrichous

Ans. c

6. Bacteria which are smallest in size are

(a) cocci

(b) vibrio

(c) bacilli

(d) spirilla

Ans. a

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7. Bacteria, whose cells have only a single curve are known

(a) vibrio

(b) cocci

(c) spirilla

(d) bacilli 

Ans. a

8. Non-photosynthetic, unicellular, cell wall bound spherical or rod-shaped microorganisms usually smaller than 5 micron in size which lack an organised nucleus are called

(a) viruses

(b) bacteria

(c) cyanobacteria

(d) mycoplasma

Ans. b

9. Organisms which have cell but no distinct nucleus are

(a) bacteria

(b) cyanobacteria

(c) Both (a) and (b)

(d) None of these

Ans. c

10. What does the bacterial cells possess in eukaryotic cells?

(a) Photosynthetic pigments

(b) A nucleoid with a circular chromosome

(c) Membrane-enclosed organelles

(d) A 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules

Ans. b

11. Plasmids

(a) replicate independently of

(b) often contain antibiotic resistance genes

(c) are transferred from one bacterium to another by conjugation

(d) All of the above main chromosome

Ans. d

12. Bacteria were first discovered by (bacteria were for the first time observed by)

(a) A V Leeuwenhoek

(b) Robert Hooke

(c) Robert Koch

(d) Louis Pasteur

Ans. a

13. The largest non-sulphur bacteria are

(a) vibrio

(b) Bacillus subtilis

(c) spirillum 

(d) E. coli

Ans. c

14. Staphylococcus bacterium is a

(a) chain-like colony

(b) plate-like colony 

(c) bunch-like colony

(d) cube-like colony

Ans. c

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15. Which of the following is the size of bacteria?

(a) 2-10µ

(b) 10-15 µ

(c) 50-100µ

(d) 100-200 µ

Ans.  a

16. A spherical bacterium is termed as

(a) vibrio

(b) coccus

(c) bacillus

(d) spirillum

Ans. b

17. What is the general shape of the Bacilli bacteria?

(a) Rod-shaped

(b) Spherical

(c) Spiral

(d) Comma

Ans. a

18. Bacteria having a tuft of flagella at one end are called

(a) peritrichous

(b) monotrichous

(c) lophotrichous

(d) amphitrichous

Ans. c

19. The smallest bacteria measure approximately

(a) 0.5u

(b) 0.05 u

(c) 0.005 u

(d) 0.0005 u

Ans. a

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20. Largest among sulphur bacteria are

(a) Chlorobium

(b) Beggiatoa

(c) Chromatium

(d) Thiobacillus

Ans. b

21. Bacteria differ from other plants in that they do not have

(a) DNA

(b) RNA

(c) cell wall

(d) a well-defined nucleus

Ans. d

22. Which one of the following does not follow the central dogma of molecular biology?

(a) HIV

(b) Pea

(c) Mucor

(d) Chlamydomonas

Ans. a

23. Infectious proteins are

(a) satellite viruses

(b) gemini viruses

(c) prions

(d) viroids

Ans. c

24. What is not true about retrovirus?

(a) DNA has no role in life cycle

(b) There is a gene for RNA dependent DNA polymerase

(c) Genetic material is RNA

(d) They are causative agents for certain cancers

Ans. d

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25. A chemical compound that is found in all viruses is

(a) Only RNA

(b) lipid

(c) RNA or DNA

(d) protein

Ans. c

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26. Bacteriophage kill

(a) fungi

(b) parasite

(c) bacteria

(d) viruses

Ans. c

27. Provirus is

(a) a free virus

(b) a primitive virus 

(c) an integrated viral genome

(d) a free DNA

Ans. c

28. The process which cannot take place in the absence of virus is

(a) transformation

(b) conjugation

(c) translocation

(d) transduction

Ans. d

29. Which of the following is not a viral disease?

(a) AIDS

(b) Smallpox

(c) Tuberculosis

(d) Influenza

Ans. c

30. Which was the virus to be crystallised for the first time?

(a) Cauliflower mosaic virus

(b) Tobacco mosaic virus

(c) Tomato mosaic virus

(d) Influenza virus

Ans. b

31. Average size range of a virus is

(a) 10-30 nm

(b) 20-14,000 nm

(c) 100-1000 nm

(d) 1-10 nm

Ans. b

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32. The main difference between Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria is

(a) cell membrane

(b) cell wail

(c) ribosome

(d) mitochondria

Ans. b

33. Helically coiled-shaped bacteria are called

(a) spirilla

(b) cocci

(c) bacili

(d) vibrio

Ans. a

34. Extrachromosomal material of bacteria is found as

(a) circular DNA

(b) extrachromosomal DNA

(c) plasmid

(d) All of these

Ans. d

35. Bacteria pili are involved in

(a) asexual reproduction

(b) sexual reproduction

(c) saprophytic nutrition

(d) antibiotic resistance

Ans. b

36. One of the following bacteria is a good vector in genetic engineering.

(a) Mycobacterium tuberculosis

(b) Agrobacterium tumefaciens

(c) Salmonella typhimurium

(d) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Ans. b

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37. From where most of the antibiotics are extracted?

(a) Algae

(b) Bacteria

(c) Virus

(d) Plants

Ans. b

38. Mesosome in a bacterial cell is

(a) plasmid

(b) connection between two cells

(c) plasma membrane infolding for respiration

(d) None of the above

Ans. c

39. The wall of bacteria consists of

(a) N-acetyl glucosamine

(b) N-acetyl muramic acid

(c) Both (a) and (b)

(d) cellulose

Ans. c

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40. Bacteria found in hot acidic aerobic conditions, are

(a) halophiles

(b) thermoacidophiles

(c) methanogens

(d) rickettsiae

Ans. b

41. Gram-negative bacteria that is not aerobic is

(a) Escherichia

(b) Pseudomonas

(c) Neisseria

(d) None of these

Ans. a

Bacteria multiple choice questions and answers pdf

42. Name the enzyme which hydrolyses murein

(a) peroxidase

(b) lysozyme

(c) tannase

(d) None of these

Ans. c

43. Coliform bacteria on fermentation of carbohydrates yields

(a) acetic acid

(b) lactic acid

(c) formic acid

(d) All of these

Ans. d

44. Protein from which hook and filaments of flagela are composed is

(a) keratin

(b) flagellin

(c) gelatin

(d) casein

Ans. b

45. Germ theory of diseases was putforth by

(a) Edward Jenner

(b) Weismann

(c) Louis Pasteur

(d) Robert Koch

Ans. c

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